Shell has completed the developed and testing of their In Situ Conversion Process, which has produced 1700 barrels of oil (with associated gases) from a 30 X 40 foot area of oil shale deposit. Note The recovered shale oil from above ground retorting and in situ retorting now needs to be upgraded before it is sent for refining. Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, opened up more natural gas for production, but the technology added costs to the oil extraction process. Shale oil costs more than conventional oil to extract, ranging from a cost-per-barrel of production from as low as $40 to over $90 a barrel. The devolatilization kinetics of the pyrolysis of oil shale from the Irati Formation in Brazil was studied. Kinetic parameters were determined from dynamic thermogravimetric analysis over the temperature range 323–1173 K, using different model-free methods. From the oil shale itself, GBRC's Gas Chromatograph shows GBRC is producing finished products of diesel fuel and heating oil. This potentially eliminates a refining process, noted the company. Shale oil is light, low-viscosity, and low in sulfur, making it desirable to process. It’s abundant throughout much of the country, making it a secure source of domestic energy that enables refiners to do more accurate long-term planning. And its price differential makes it attractive to purchase.
14 Aug 2013 Understanding how we produce and use petroleum. conversion capacity, and in general they process crude oil with lower sulfur content and day by 2020, almost entirely because of increases in the production of shale oil, in Venezuela and Canada, shale oil and gas in the US (and developing Then, the methanol is converted to synthetic gasoline in the Mobil process. 2 CH3OH requirements by secondary conversion processes that use heat, catalysts and In addition, green house gases are emitted when oil shale is converted into In general, shale oil was easier to process (catalyst deactivation was seen when processing feed run, again showed that the conversion obtained with this.
U.S. shale oil output is surging, but American refineries can't process much more of the light crude, according to Morgan Stanley. There are also limited export opportunities for U.S. shale, which means light oil may soon have to trade at a discount to compete overseas. Shale oil is closer to a finished product than oil shale, but it's still an involved process that involves drilling and fracking. Fracking is a process that oil companies use to drill down into the layers of shale and open up the rock formations so that oil can be extracted. The rock is not very porous,
Royal Dutch Shell Oil Company has come up with an answer to some of the problems with oil shale refining. The company calls it In Situ Conversion Process Shale oil processing is defined as an industrial process to which raw shale oil is Oil shale retorting is a thermochemical process of in situ conversion of oil 23 Aug 2008 In this paper, the Shell in situ conversion process (ICP), which is a novel method of retorting oil shale in place, is analyzed. The ICP utilizes Download scientific diagram | Shale oil conversion processes [10]. from publication: Energy Return on Investment (EROI) of Oil Shale | The two methods of 1 Oct 2008 Converting oil shale to liquid fuels: energy inputs and greenhouse gas emissions of the Shell in situ conversion process. Brandt AR(1). Oil shale and bituminous materials are suitable for obtaining petroleum-like products. The process designed in this study has the ability to control unwanted Shale oil is a crude oil that's trapped within layers of shale rock. It's produced by fracturing the rock and extracting the oil.
Typically, 75-80% of the kerogen is converted to oil. An alternative to mining is in situ retorting. In this process, holes are bored into the shale deposit underground. All processes use the oil shale itself or its by products as the source of heat. The in-situ conversion process has been adopted by Shell in their Mahogany